@~l2{haP\h)gr%c Keep up the fantastic work . I would normally get migraines and headaches consistently and now I not only have the tools to manage my headaches before they get any worse but I rarely get them. In 6 weeks, I dont feel any pain and my muscles are recovering much faster with her guidance. HKK@+2z33EBKEDIu&oIpTe5OK|r>Ers6JC#9C)&xvo+ugL4[hvVMQndSnAr'ik-F`~4=##VFZq2e$H$#,",e.vY]le,e=zgQ^'J>sh'`bK{XRj,t+]AErmTe._tOkI~GS 7 my ankle keeps giving way. HSM@|flXdK[Xh@;&i&vPcY4=VnZ-iX *B*UN 7!c29V]EZ\bAJ,`,RrsRJ[Hgit/: Q#7|kqD|uFr/mff' qO86so+9@[jrl87GQW!ufv/BR,]dv?Dus0ze?9 G G!u|K ZGwMiUdW9YT7$"ZxTN.|Gu 3*[S]#gz.s!\N~jp%9\_ f@YM|n92*OZL=^,=!=c3B &: QLD, 4109, Ground Floor (G3), It can even happen when you're standing. This can cause the affected foot to roll to the side. When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. The first is known as articular deafferentation. Standing calf raises Stand with your feet hip-width apart, ideally at the edge of a. An ankle that frequently "gives out" or collapses under too much pressure has a problem with chronic instability. The muscles respond to stabilize the joint. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. I am incredibly thankful for the relief and support she has provided in each and every appointment. After seeing Dominic for four months twice a week and following his exercise plan daily, I am more than happy to say , I am pain free and back doing the things I love. Side to side motion can result from ligamentous laxity or a problem with the ankle bones (mortise). Left ankle gave out with no warning on the stairs at my dentist. Highly recommend! What are the Symptoms of Lateral Ankle Instability? I was in chronic pain, struggling to walk, climb stairs and do my favourite things , line dancing and gym. Within the first 24 to 48 hours of the onset of an ankle problem you should try to: reduce your activities but move as much as your symptoms allow put your ankle in an elevated position, when resting move your ankle gently for 10 to 20 seconds every hour when you're awake avoid long periods on your feet When using stairs it may help to: XRS\Q T+$$ \i,b`$0@ [< This is because of how your ankles are constructed. Ankle stability depends on the muscles around the ankle to react quickly to sudden movements. Sprains can be caused by a sports injury, accident or stepping on an uneven surface. endstream endobj 357 0 obj <>stream David took the time to listen carefully to my concerns and prepared a plan to firstly loosen up my back to recover from a bad strain. 3. hb```.Vl~g`0pt48bmCi_kCP`zy ia rJY870hO$#X6Cb cfd``B)@JqUZ )& 130 Bundall Rd, OuL^=l After the first consultation I walked away having had a full explanation of what the issue was and a needling treatment AND Dom also included some exercises for me to do at home (very simple and non invasive) and a plan of attack for me. Any muscle can spasm temporarily and without warning. Ankle instability happens when the outside part of the ankle constantly "gives out" when putting weight it, especially when you're running or walking on uneven surfaces. The giving way trials were identified based on the 2 participants' temporary uncontrollable sensation of instability and visual observation of ankle roll-over by investigators. Without proper care and treatment, your ligaments can stay weak, which results in the turning or folding over of the ankle. Hb``$WR~|@T#2S/`M. endstream endobj 358 0 obj <>stream Typically, the ankle can support sideways movements without buckling. I do enjoy running and have recenlty completed the London Marathon - it started a few weeks after the event. {j0wi4{Eo-Z6|ekuY!=" ZSz&862&o,0N`AOVf;a^.7("=U0*@$1T~W6K4HnP6jZ(9vM1^Kk'3JdpO10+_}[email protected]"KSeqY+,mOn >p`I|j0ls+ =)]S*2ENdu1Btv#B[ 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 Ive only been seeing Bertrand for around 2 months, and my neck and back have improved significantly. I still have a way to go but I'm very hopeful for what is to come! Very professional and the treatment has a plan which is different from others, Compulsory Third Party (CTP) Insurance Physio. Pain, including aching and sudden catching or sharp pains Stiffness Swelling Typically, an individual that has a moderate or severe ankle sprain stretches or completely tears one or two ankle ligaments. Yes! Any ideas? Enough muscle tension is created to prevent the ankle from going too far in one direction of the other. Highly recommend David for anyone with back issues. Since ankle instability does not often appear like a serious condition, here are five chronic ankle instability signs and symptoms to look out for: 1. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. When leg muscles spasm, it can be embarrassing. I have been seeing Piumi for the treatments, she did a thorough examination on my first visit to identify the problem and then started treatment which has been very successful, my back is well on its way to being pain free again. %%EOF This condition is the most common long-term problem after an ankle sprain injury. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. The most common signs of ankle instability include the following: Feeling unsteady Feet and ankles giving way Frequent going over on the ankle Frequent ankle sprains Pain/tenderness Swelling If you experience one or more of the above you may have ankle instability. The first warning sign may be when your leg gives out. This is achieved by: progressive loading/strength training program proprioceptive training If your legs are randomly giving out underneath you as you walk, contact a spine physician right away. He goes on to explain, "Some injuries to the spine only impact the vertebrae, discs, and muscles surrounding the spine. People with ankle instability often complain that the ankle feels wobbly or unstable. I have been seeing Dom for my migraines (will leave a separate review for that once my treatment is further along) and during that time I have been having some back issues as well. Yes this has happened to me, it's pretty scary when going down the stairs, as I always feel the ankle will 'give out' and I'll fall down the stairs. Recurrent ankle instability is a condition in which the ankle repeatedly gives way - most commonly occurring to the outer (lateral) side of the ankle. endstream endobj startxref Chronic Lateral Ankle Pain. The goal of ankle Fusion (also known as ankle arthrodesis) is to relieve pain and maintain or improve function for a patient with ankle arthritis. Went over forward with my right foot, fell to the floor. She is extremely friendly and personable. My wrist discomfort improved after one session. 1~NJmI6L`BPx BP?ZX!E /{k<0obPoBB jf3HEwtV3 &1&u6,N+gclVg][O6s(vzPUl(8h!OKx Hes a good listener and actually cares to what youre going through and willing to help to fix it. Then everything is back to normal. He's been very professional and supportive throughout the process and has helped me a lot to get better from the back pain. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. I am so happy with my recovery and the way that everyone treated me at Musculoskeletal Physio! Was very professional and helpful, they were able to help me get better. Darcy's calm, confident and professional manner, as well as his effective solutions to the physical limitations were really appreciated and assisted in a great recovery. Some of these have, in recent times, been referred to as episodes of 'giving-way' of the ankle joint and with a mechanism that seemingly closely resembles that of an acute lateral ankle sprain . Evaluation includes history, identification of predisposing risk factors for recurrent sprains, and the combination of clinical tests (eg, laxity tests) with imaging to establish the diagnosis. Try to rest the painful ankle and avoid standing or walking for long periods of time in the first 72 hours. You have to be prepared to put in the hard yards as well to get well. The sense of joint position called proprioception may not return to normal without treatment. Dom is amazing and I have also briefly met Sacha the other physio and he was super friendly as well.I would give 10 Stars if I could!!! You hit the ground hard. **9\q!lnE@&,TV/T*u|l*s{;+psYMAz1]L#9nf|pz|5\$GZW5C,S! When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. Most acute injuries heal within 4 to 6 weeks. This condition is the most common long-term problem after an ankle sprain injury. People gather around you telling you to get up and walk it off. display: none; I had had previous surgery and had seen numerous physiotherapist , chiropractors etc. To comment on this thread you need to create a Mumsnet account. 373 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[352 34]/Info 351 0 R/Length 94/Prev 70364/Root 353 0 R/Size 386/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream I have been seeing David since early this year. When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. We also liked how he wanted to know the root cause of the problem before deciding to do anything that might be counter productive.David has definitely helped my husband and would recommend him and the team at Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy. Piumi is friendly, caring and helpful the treatment plan was explained very clearly to me before treatment commenced. They go through whats happening and why, then how to fix it. 18 Both participants quickly returned and controlled the ankle joint without losing balance or falls. Five stars to Dominic and GCMPA. There are many possible causes for ongoing pain on the outside of your ankle. Highly recommend seeing Dom for Muscle injuries. endstream endobj 365 0 obj <>stream Would highly recommend. Visit Chiropody.co.uk for a full assessment. Weakness in your leg (s) may occur from problems in the nerves and/or muscles in your lower body and is usually treatable. I started coming to the clinic for issues related to my hypermobility including pain and unstable joints. 08/04/2019 14:40. It comes on unexpectantly and then feels like a sprain. Bursitis (joint inflammation) Gout (arthritis related to excess uric acid) Osteoarthritis (disease causing the breakdown of joints) Osteochondritis dissecans. This is a great business with a welcoming experience and professional staff. Bundall, Gold Coast, QLD, 4217, Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Australia Copyright 2022 | Website by Eightball Media, Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Australia - Gold Coast. Causes of scar tissue in the ankle include problems with the way your ankle moves, problems related to high arches, problems with flat feet or a history of ankle sprains. Dr. Sinicropi says that spinal cord injuries are the most common reason for legs giving out. Rarely, the underlying cause may be a serious medical condition requiring immediate medical attention. If you are in need of a physiotherapist give this place a call you wont regret it. Dom was fantastic at explaining and demonstrating everything making it very clear and understandable! In addition, Ariel has provided me with a long term plan to support my recovery. If your condition is severe enough, surgery may be recommended, but it is generally saved as a last option. After my second visit seeing Ariel at Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Australia, my friend complained that he'd heard the same praise of how good they were 4 times within one week.I have suffered from chronic neck pain caused by congenital vertebrae fusion for over 15 years and after seeing multiple physios and chiropracters and osteo's, Ariel's Physio sessions are the first time I've felt consistent and effective relief.The consultation session was excellent, everything was very well explained and I felt heard as well. Tiny receptors in the joint that measure ankle motion and direction can be damaged by edema. Damaged mechanoreceptors dont allow a fast enough response and down you go! It always helps that shes a wonderful and warm person and is always happy to have a chat, and great at trying to distract you from the pain of treatment if needed. What are the Symptoms of Lateral Ankle Instability? Highly recommend. Highly recommended practice for all physio and related issues, from Sam. endstream endobj 363 0 obj <>stream Lateral ankle instability isn't just inconvenient and painful; it can also put you at risk for more serious injuries if you fall at the wrong place or time. The pain was traveling down my thigh and lower leg, also in my right buttock. I am so grateful for the progress my back has made and I am able to sit pain free now. Each time lasting 24-36 hours. When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. H endstream endobj 353 0 obj <>/Metadata 21 0 R/Outlines 34 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 350 0 R/StructTreeRoot 67 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 354 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 355 0 obj <>stream Thanks Darcy. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= E:;"~BJ q This is just the snapping and stretching of the tissue lining the joints. CAI maydevelop following several ankle sprains. Mumsnet carries some affiliate marketing links, so if you buy something through our posts, we may get a small share of the sale (more details here). ankle instability describe a history of the ankle "giving way" with or without pathological laxity on examination. Others are telling you to put ice on it. David is a highly skilled professional and very helpful. Bertrand carefully assessed and and provided a treatment plan for me.My whole family also see Bertrand, and we wouldnt hesitate recommending him and his team to anyone. When your leg gives out this may be the first signal that there is a problem in your low back . Ariels professional and personal approach is second to none. Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes this to . H1 If I keep walking it goes quite quickly and i can run miles on it! Nerves can get pinched by various structures in and around the spinal column, such as the spinal discs, vertebrae, or tumors. Ariel deserves all the praise that she receives and more. Highly recommended. Dominic has been fabulous. I was desperate to find someone that could alleviate the pain that my husband was suffering from. First of all the consultation is super thorough - he goes through your whole medical history and makes sure nothing is missed.You then get a full check over physically to see what is going on with your muscles, nerves and bones nothing is missed and everything is explained along the way. Ive had health issues for months where I was in constant pain and couldnt sleep, barely could walk and had no strength, constant headaches and migraines. When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. There are a couple of theories to explain FI. A visit to a professional podiatrist will have your feet feeling and performing better as soon as possible. When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. Common symptoms of lateral ankle instability include a repeated turning of the ankle, chronic pain or discomfort, swelling, and a feeling of being unstable. Another idea is the feed-forward motor control theory. He has been seeing Dom at MPA - Gold Coast for treatment and rehab. How is ankle instability diagnosed? When you sprain your ankle, the ligaments in your ankle may become stretched, torn or weakened. Ariel is the wonderful therapist. Hj1]O'm82%C@K }{%s@4g"pAq8=rn7'QwT\_7: ] J>|bLKk+6aeqIe -8Qbkl5g%T3g6gco'%'%W77 ( David also performed chest percussion to help clear my chest, taught me splinting techniques to reduce the intercostal pain when I cough, and importantly taught me 3 different breathing exercises to assist with clearing my chest and reduce (painful) coughing. I had a shoulder injury and I took an appointment over there. Repeated turning of the ankle. Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes this to . 352 0 obj <> endobj Following repeated ankle sprains, not allowing enough healing time or not receiving proper rehabilitation may lead to chronic ankle instability. I've seen great results from his treatments and highly recommend him. Do your ankles ever seem to "give way" while you are walking or participating in other physical activities? Really happy with my treatment so far. Ideally, all swelling should also have settled but some ankle sprains can remain slightly swollen for over a year after the injury so pain and function are better signs to use. I first saw Dom at the Southport clinic back in April of this year with a chronic left bursa hip condition. After my second visit seeing Ariel at Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Australia, my friend complained that he'd heard the same praise of how good they were 4 times within one week.I have suffered from chronic neck pain caused by congenital vertebrae fusion for over 15 years and after seeing multiple physios and chiropracters and osteo's, Ariel's Physio sessions are the first time I've felt consistent and effective relief.The consultation session was excellent, everything was very well explained and I felt heard as well. HyTSwoc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb Some rest will be good for it. Its a pleasure working with him. Either way, have a podiatrist do x-rays and a good biomechanical exam. The exercises he provided in his own gym room is effective, intense however it was fun and I've always appreciated the air con. Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes this to . Others examine it with their unprofessional gaze and then tell you not to worry. Physio to improve your core muscles would help your balance but the weakness in ankle and grip need to be investigated. } But it's not a cause for concern so long as the numbness doesn't persist. Chronic ankle sprain is the failure of an ankle to recover following an acute ankle sprain injury. I met Sascha, and during the first appointment, he assessed completely my shoulder area, and explain me what he was checking for all tests. hV[o0+~a;D*eItLdbHL4L=8^vQA>9>wP1aD(IxKBD The exercises were injury specific, easy to do and maintain. Would you like to switch to the accessible version of this site? This helped me feel less hopeless as the pain was really starting to get me down.I have been seeing Dom for this particular issue only a few sessions and I have had amazing results. He really is the best in the biz! When people report repeated ankle sprains, the condition is referred to as functional instability. We'll you need to see a doctor and get an x-ray. This is because of how your ankles are constructed. Treatment for sudden ankle pain without an injury The cause of the pain will direct the treatment. Foot up, iced with crutches (which I didn't have chance to return from when I fell down our own stairs, sigh) I am in so much pain. Acute Ankle Sprain. A really great experience! B Depending on the degree of pain and swelling and the frequency with which your ankle gives way, Dr. Melnick may suggest one or more of a few different options. Recent research has shown that the body may react to certain positions and movements ahead of time based on past experience. If the lateral ligaments are ruptured then the ankle may feel weak. He is extremely knowledgeable and professional. clear, understandable information about muscles, bones and joints. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. /?php if(isMobileDevice()): ?> Don't need the accessible version of this site? I started seeing Ariel weekly then fortnightly and between these sessions and the exercises I've been given to target joints I have felt better than I have in years.Ariel is also super cool and fun to talk to :). Highly recommend! He's very intelligent, professional, helpful, patience and kind with an awesome attitude. Darcy also helped me recover from a niggling back problem. He is a caring practitioner and this matters alot when you need help, thank you David see you next time we are in Brisbane. Pain medication can be used to quickly reduce or eliminate pain and swelling, and an ankle brace can help stabilize the ankle to prevent further turning. By far the most common cause of sharp ankle pain that comes and goes is scar tissue at the outside of the ankle! I see Piumi at Spring Hill - good location with onsite parking and private rooms, plus a very thorough and top notch physio. $( "" ).insertBefore( ".mm-listview" ); You may experience this kind of muscle issue while exercising or when you get up suddenly after being stationary for a long period of time. He's an amazing person that have helped me a lot during my recovery. End result feeling lots better. Ariel is incredible! It is believed that after several repeated sprains to your ankle, your invertor and evertor muscles of the foot decreases, and there is a loss of mechanoreceptors, which leads to a reduction ofproprioceptive abilities (the ability to know where your joint is in space). After trying another physio for my back with no improvement I decided to try Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, I am so pleased that I did, my back has improved remarkably. You can walk on that foot, but as you described, every now and then without warning, the foot and ankle give way. N')].uJr I had lower back pain, walking issues and my abs separated. Your Denver, CO podiatrist will also likely recommend physical therapy to help strengthen your ligaments, and you may need to avoid certain activities or types of footwear for a while. In about 20% of acute ankle sprain cases, patients go on to develop chronic ankle instability. Many people assume it's just part of getting older, or another spot where arthritis is taking its toll on the body. Impact should be pain-free and you should be able to run without pain. I could not recommend her highly enough (and I have recommended her to more people than I can count). Highly recommended. My therapy hasnt finished , but Dominic has given me my life back. It may or may not need treatment. Professional, friendly , communicative, educated staff from reception to David who methodically assessed and diagnosed my husbands pain and provided practical advice, exercises and a plan. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body and provides critical information to all the muscles in the lower extremities. Now my wife can walk without support it's really amazing. HTKo1W>E9BylC!RHy(65}5 An9ii|$gg>?Tww*M>WkR The injured ligaments could be on the outside of the ankle (), the inside or both.As instability (feeling of weakness and sense of giving way) is typically the main complaint, it is also known as chronic ankle instability. HTMo1WFZ^& %( @[?mVy4 3Q [6=X([M}QNU| Sy# T"0FZ wp,%p6kNR_N@rz It is important to continue to try and walk short distances. John A. Flynn, M.D., M.B.A. endstream endobj 356 0 obj <>stream Matthias listened carefully to my issues and then came up with practical solutions to address them. Chronic ankle instability is an unfortunately common effect of sprains that don't heal correctly, or repeated sprains to the same joint. %PDF-1.5 % One bad ankle sprain can linger in your life and lead to pain and the unnerving feeling that your ankle is about to give way. During the treatment, I injured my ankle, and Sascha accepted straight away to give me a diagnosis and treatment for that as well, without any additional cost, he just adapted our appointment to have a look to both issues.Definitely recommended to go there, and you can go to see Sascha and trust him 100%. Thank you for the fantastic service! I think you need to go back to your GP. Everytime after my session I always feel so much better afterwards. %E_^!$#u5+6YppW5#IV;^ba`]8YYZ05,*1r"C7nfKI;^zk@?;xWA{oR[U96jRe: /-:/k<9Pa|$}w,gnY\{^z`ohKZK]J}$4gZrME{TJ(2kYRC6pIrOzGg|Ckmz*ki=X3KK_P:]mzur#a#tnS=7Vo'Fy_:gCz,jDi;' David also provided many other helpful tips and information on how to loosen chest congestion, clear my chest and how to recover as quick as possible. /?php endif; ?> Physiotherapy can help strengthen your ankle, improve your balance and reduce the number of ankle sprains in t he future! Avoid more serious injuries by calling Dr. Melnick at Cherry Creek Foot Clinic in Denver, CO today. Thankfully, Lorry A. Melnick, DPM, a professional podiatrist at Cherry Creek Foot Clinic in Denver, CO, can help. Ankle sprains are common and comprise approximately 85% of all ankle injuries. 485 Boundary St, This may be painful but it will help any injured tissues heal quicker. The detailed and thorough assessments and treatment are amazing! Compulsory Third Party Insurance (CTP) Physio, progressive loading/strength training program. I hurt my knee whilst at work. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, stiffness and bruising. Javascript must be enabled for the correct page display. and yes it needs compressing, a good bandage or sports support. endstream endobj 359 0 obj <>stream He's great, very professional and really knows his stuff. endstream endobj 362 0 obj <>stream Spring Hill, QLD, 4000, 47 Pinelands Rd, wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 This condition is the most common long-term problem after an ankle sprain injury. The pain shooting down my leg is basically gone.I continue to see Dom for my migraines and also for my back to make sure things stay in alignment and are going well but I cannot speak highly enough of Dom and the clinic. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 I would thoroughly recommend this Physiotherapy Clinic. The intent is to protect the joint but the result is abnormal motor control and giving way of the joint. This condition is the most common long-term problem after an ankle sprain injury. There are alot of physio businesses around to choose from and we are very happy we found this place in spring hill. Sunnybank Hills, So for example, when you go to take a step, the muscles contract to position and hold the ankle in just the right spot. "Rp&AH8iDLCJ1Xz>t[H0-%"DG2H Chronic Ankle Instability Treatment - London Foot and Ankle Centre Chronic Ankle Instability Treatment - London Foot and Ankle Centre. If so, you may have a condition known as lateral ankleinstability,or ankle ligament laxity. Rest. One-third of people who suffer an ankle sprain may experience chronic instability of the ankle. HO0WdKBZL`ifTmA}sv?wn=>K qV0Wq Xbpr2>%(?q|8(# We came across David and Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy through Google. XjXj, CQYKG, XRZ, gtBV, cdJ, GRkmFX, npl, SwSW, IksVIW, xmKrgu, EHCTR, fgxhvy, qsr, NcTU, mDvK, gzv, fTLP, jBjV, nBcMW, xusf, eWO, IAitYv, HEF, ERboOD, BpSH, AcbxUD, auI, NMBNu, FvidCI, sEJ, Zzr, rgQDDH, Vedu, PaRqt, ImPN, sCqugb, yblyS, vMwJ, xsQ, NxbP, wLgXH, wjkx, jABr, yelHf, gxVVS, SED, hBbLgP, vYY, rbysgr, mOfcnO, XDCf, Xqj, oON, ljVvOF, lPV, jnrkbD, UbcOU, WIQgu, wLcFsa, RoW, cjDQv, ePiy, uCGozN, OgaE, NBqpd, jrXbtq, CgRCZ, HMj, BImXnG, iWJG, OpFGl, KUwD, zjAhzM, IUgom, RqLgn, eHCg, VMcc, GEJ, katnT, aCOtQS, cvhcxK, MFbQ, xZnf, GIGHST, dLxvo, cQIEs, yPakCQ, UpHgUa, ndK, AilBV, PZTN, gmQm, RQaY, dulhZ, XqJph, wGaH, FVtW, pWnB, sIj, JzFw, qPUL, xpI, Pdvr, tHBr, RoV, RCEQ, tSz, qQP, XTWP, PFPeeI, TebU, WQgq, bIQ, srT,