The HA group name identifies the cluster. This option improves performance when session-pickup is enabled by reducing the number of sessions that are synchronized. Once a routing table update is sent, the primary unit waits the route-hold time before sending the next update. Enabled by default. You can increase the route time to live if you find that communication sessions are lost after a failover so that the primary unit can use synchronized routes that are already in the routing table, instead of waiting to acquire new routes. In most cases you should keep override disabled to reduce how often the cluster negotiates. Mode: HA Active Passive Secondary FortiGate device remains in Passive mode and monitors the status of the primary device. The result is that repeated failovers no longer happen. balancing UDP sessions increases overhead so it is also disabled by default. Configure virtual cluster 2 using the following syntax. number of vcluster: 1 FGVMXXXXXXXXXX14(updated 1 seconds ago): Other protocols may experience data loss and some protocols may require sessions to be manually restarted. Only appears if ha-mgmt-status is enabled. The default is 600 seconds, the range is 5 to 3600 seconds. FGCP travels between FortiGate cluster devices over the heartbeat links and uses TCP port 703 with Ethernet type values: 0x8890 NAT Mode l HA override l HA device priority l The virtual cluster priority l The FortiGate unit host name l The HA priority setting for a ping server (or dead gateway detection) configuration l The system interface settings of the HA reserved management interface l . 2. decrease the priority on primary unit to secondary. The Ethertype used by HA heartbeat packets for Transparent mode clusters. CLI Reference. This option applies to both FGCP and FGSP. Since most HTTP sessions are very short, in most cases they will not even notice an interruption unless they are downloading large files. The FortiGate interface to be the reserved HA management interface. The cluster's active-active load balancing schedule. By default this option is enabled and the behavior described above occurs. Enable or disable forcing the cluster to renegotiate and select a new primary unit every time a cluster unit leaves or joins a cluster, changes status within a cluster, or every time the HA configuration of a cluster unit changes. ses_pickup: enable, ses_pickup_delay=disable When multiple VDOMs are enabled, virtual cluster 2 is enabled by default. HA Health Status: OK The following command changes the priority to 5 for a route to the address 10.10.10.1 on the port1. is used by FGCP for configuration synchronisation. set priority 250 <change the priority to be higher than the other unit>. Firewall cluster uses FGCP to elect the primary, synchronize configuration, discover another firewall that belongs to the same HA and detect failover when any of the HA device fails. Enable or disable virtual cluster 2 (also called secondary-vcluster). Set Device Priority -200. If the primary unit does not receive a heartbeat packet from a subordinate unit before the heartbeat threshold expires, the primary unit assumes that the subordinate unit has failed. FortiGate (global) # get sys ha status If one of the interfaces becomes disconnected the deployment uses the remaining interfaces for session synchronization. The heartbeat interfaces must be connected to the same network and you must add IPaddresses to these interfaces. Active device synchronises its configuration with another device in the group. To change the priority of a route - CLI. Dynamic weighted load balancing by memory usage. If the FDB has a large number of addresses it may take extra time to send all the packets and the sudden burst of traffic could disrupt the network. 5. fail-alert-interfaces <name>. Required fields are marked *, Copyright AAR Technosolutions | Made with in India, Heartbeat Interfaces and Virtual IP Interfaces, High Availability (HA) is a feature of Firewalls in which two or more devices are grouped together to provide redundancy in the network. To avoid flooding routing table updates to subordinate units, set route-hold to a relatively long time to prevent subsequent updates from occurring too quickly. You can enable load-balance-all to have the primary unit load balance all TCP sessions. {set | append} monitor [], {set | append} pingserver-monitor-interface [], set pingserver-failover-threshold , set pingserver-slave-force-reset {disable | enable}, {set | append} vdom [], Managing firmware with the FortiGate BIOS, endpoint-control forticlient-registration-sync, firewall {interface-policy | interface-policy6}, firewall {local-in-policy | local-in-policy6}, firewall {multicast-address | multicast-address6}, firewall {multicast-policy | multicast-policy6}, log {azure-security-center | azure-security-center2} filter, log {azure-security-center | azure-security-center2} setting, log {fortianalyzer | fortianalyzer-cloud} override-filter, log {fortianalyzer | fortianalyzer2 | fortianalyzer3 | fortianalyzer-cloud} filter, log {fortianalyzer | fortianalyzer2 | fortianalyzer3 | fortianalyzer-cloud} setting, log {syslogd | syslogd2 | syslogd3 | syslogd4} filter, log {syslogd | syslogd2 | syslogd3 | syslogd4} setting, switch-controller security-policy captive-portal, system {ips-urlfilter-dns | ips-urlfilter-dns6}, system replacemsg device-detection-portal, vpn ipsec {manualkey-interface | manualkey}, webfilter {ips-urlfilter-setting | ips-urlfilter-setting6}, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-3gpp-cellular, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-ip-address-type, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-nai-realm, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-network-auth-type, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-roaming-consortium, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-venue-name, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-conn-capability, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-operator-name, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-osu-provider, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-wan-metric, log {fortianalyzer | fortianalyzer-cloud} test-connectivity, priority (including the secondary-vcluster priority), cpu-threshold, memory-threshold, http-proxy-threshold, The default value is 0. group-name. Enable or disable session synchronization between FGCP clusters. When you enable the reserved management interface feature the configuration of the reserved management interface is not synchronized by the FGCP. By default, this option is disabled and all HA synchronization packets are processed by one CPU. execute ha synchronize start, Mismatch in HA can be calculated by using below command The number of processes used by the HA session sync daemon. Some of these options are also used for FGSP and content clustering. The default depends on the FortiGate model. Unicast HAis only supported between two FortiGates VMs. Usually you would not change the default setting of 5. Normally keeping route-ttl to 10 or reducing the value to 5 is acceptable because acquiring new routes usually occurs very quickly, especially if graceful restart is enabled, so only a minor delay is caused by acquiring new routes. <2022/04/13 14:15:46> FGVMXXXXXXXXXX16 is selected as the master because it has the largest value of uptime. diag sys ha checksum show So the cluster automatically returns to normal operation. The default weight is 5. If the communication from the server is not initiated within 30 seconds the expectation session times out and traffic will be denied. Each cluster unit can have a different device priority. As long as the cluster still fails over successfully, you could reduce the number of gratuitous ARP packets that are sent to reduce the amount of traffic produced after a failover. For example, a user downloading files with FTP may have to either restart downloads or restart their FTP client. Default low and high watermarks of 0 disable the feature. session synchronization reverts back to using the HA heartbeat link. If for some reason all cluster units cannot find each other during the hello state then some cluster units may be joining the cluster after it has formed. Reserved management interfaces and their IP addresses should not be used for managing a cluster using FortiManager. The number of times that the primary unit sends gratuitous ARP packets. sessions=2, average-cpu-user/nice/system/idle=0%/0%/0%/100%, memory=14%, FGVMXXXXXXXXXX14(updated 2 seconds ago): The time to live range is 5 to 3600 seconds (3600 seconds is one hour). Dynamic weighted load balancing by the number of IMAP proxy sessions processed by a cluster unit. Cluster Uptime: 211 days 5:9:44 The interfaces to use for session synchronization must be connected together either directly using the appropriate cable (possible if there are only two units in the deployment) or using switches. Load Debug: 0 Cluster uses these virtual IP addresses to differentiate cluster members and update configuration changes in clustered devices. This setting is not synchronized by the FGCP. When enabled fewer sessions will be load balanced to the cluster unit when the high watermark is reached. You can increase both the heartbeat interval and the lost heartbeat threshold to reduce false positives. Names of the FortiGate interfaces to which the link failure alert is sent. The default route-wait is 0 seconds. To reduce this delay, you can set the multicast-ttl time to a low value, for example 10 seconds, resulting in quicker updates of the kernel multicast routing table. When enabled fewer sessions will be load balanced to the cluster unit when its memory usage reaches the high watermark. diag debug enable I developed interest in networking being in the company of a passionate Network Professional, my husband. The subordinate unit then begins negotiating to become the new primary unit. The HA group name, same for all members. During HA negotiation, the cluster unit with the highest device priority becomes the primary unit. Repeat Step 1 to Step 9 in Secondary Firewall. This is available if session-pickup is enabled and mode is standalone. To reduce these false positives you can increase the hb-lost-threshold. config antivirus settings. interfaces are functioning properly and connected to their networks. is a 4-digit number. A heartbeat interval of 2 means the time between heartbeat packets is 200 ms. Changing the heartbeat interval to 5 changes the time between heartbeat packets to 500 ms (5 * 100ms = 500ms). If it's 6.4.x or later and you want to fail them over . hb-interval. The config system global hostname setting. Increase the priority to require more remote links to fail before a failover occurs. The heartbeat interval range is 1 to 20 (100*milliseconds). Synchronizes routing table, DHCP information, running configuration, Monitor Primary device as to check if reachability is working in-between cluster or not, If problem encountered with the Primary Firewall, secondary device take-over the traffic sessions, Maintain Data Plane Processes like Forwarding Table, NAT Table, Authentication record, 169.254.0.1assigned to highest serial number, 169.254.0.2assigned to second highest number, 169.254.0.3assigned to third highest number. Enable or disable HA heartbeat message authentication using SHA1. After a failover you may have to re-configure dashboard widgets. The default is 60 minutes. What is High Availability? -All HA configuration must be in-synchronisation. Use append to add an interface to the list. 169.254.0.3assigned to third highest number. port1: physical/10000full, up, rx-bytes/packets/dropped/errors=22183223/2218321/0/0, tx=216832/1211/0/0 Created on FGVMXXXXXXXXXX16(updated 3 seconds ago): . The GUI Dashboard configuration. Disabled by default. The flip timeout reduces the frequency of failovers if, after a failover, HA remote IP monitoring on the new primary unit also causes a failover. During HA negotiation, the cluster unit with the highest device priority becomes the primary unit. HA links and synchronises two or more devices. You may want to reduce the margin if during failover testing you dont want to wait the default age difference margin of 5 minutes. One reason for a delay in all of the cluster units joining the cluster could be the cluster units are located at different sites of if for some other reason communication is delayed between the heartbeat interfaces. diag sys ha checksum show , diag sys ha checksum show execute ha synchronize start Available on FortiSwitch-5203Bs or FortiController-5902Ds only in inter-chassis content-cluster mode. I known I can increase the HA priority value to migrate Secondary Unit as Primary Unit and decrease it to downgrade Primary Unit as Secondary Unit. port4: physical/10000full, up, rx-bytes/packets/dropped/errors=5543991879/3242247/0/0, tx=554325343/4321945/0/0, FGVMXXXXXXXXXX16(updated 3 seconds ago): Usually the control sessions establish the link between server and client and negotiate the ports and protocols that will be used for data communications. Frequent negotiations may cause frequent traffic interruptions. The valid range is 0 to 9. This option is only available if session-pickup is enabled and mode is standalone and is disabled by default. Disable virtual cluster 2 to move all virtual domains from virtual cluster 2 back to virtual cluster 1. Device Group is used in HA to assign two or more devices to be part of the same HA Group. If you notice that multicast sessions are not connecting after an HA failover, this may be because the 600 seconds has not elapsed so the multicast routes in the kernel are out of date (for example, the Kernel could have multicast routes that are no longer valid). If there are other routes set to priority 10, the route set to priority 5 will be . Indicates the virtual cluster you are configuring. FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. Master: FGVMXXXXXXXXXX14, operating cluster index = 0 ses_pickup: enable, ses_pickup_delay=disable Users downloading a large file may have to restart their download after a failover. Refresh the entries and check sync status in Primary and Secondary HA monitoring Dashboard. Enabled by default. By When enabled fewer sessions will be load balanced to the cluster unit when its CPU usage reaches the high watermark. The heartbeat interval combines with the lost heartbeat threshold to set how long a cluster unit waits before assuming that another cluster unit has failed and is no longer sending heartbeat packets. This can lead to a false positive failure detection. 3. show sys storage Gratuitous ARP packets are sent when a cluster unit becomes a primary unit (this can occur when the cluster is starting up or after a failover). If you choose to disable sending gratuitous ARP packets (by setting gratuitous-arps to disable) you must first enable link-failed-signal. In FGCP mode, most settings are automatically synchronized among cluster units. Config Priority. The cluster age difference margin (grace period). 3. show sys storage ftp-proxy-threshold, imap-proxy-threshold, nntp-proxy-threshold, When virtual cluster 2 is enabled you can use config secondary-vcluster to configure virtual cluster 2. This margin is the age difference ignored by the cluster when selecting a primary unit based on age. diagnose sys ha checksum recalculate [ | global], diagnose sys ha checksum recalculate [ | global]. Firewall cluster uses FGCP to elect the primary, synchronize configuration, discover another firewall that belongs to the same HA and detect failover when any of the HA device fails. You can't change this setting. Normally, the unit with High priority is the master unit. port3: physical/10000full, up, rx-bytes/packets/dropped/errors=3366612632/70886621/0/0, tx=1232321221/4564123/0/0, FGVMXXXXXXXXXX14(updated 2 seconds ago): FGT3HD3914-----3 is selected as the master because it has EXE_FAIL_ OVER flag set. Initiate and re-calculate checksum if no mismatch found. The flip timeout also causes the cluster to renegotiate when it expires unless you have disabled pingserver-slave-force-reset. If you choose to disable sending gratuitous ARP packets you must first enable the link-failed-signal setting. Enter the names of the interfaces to monitor. The HA group ID, same for all members, from 0 to 255. The default is 1, the range 1 to 15. Increasing the time between updates means that this data exchange will not have to happen so often. connect to the monitored IP addresses, the flip timeout stops a failover from occurring until the timer runs out. Disabled by default. Add a unicast HA heart peer IP address. Each cluster unit can have a different device priority. The weighted round robin load balancing weight to assign to each unit in an active-active cluster. FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. Created on All members of an HA cluster must be set to the same HA mode. Cluster state change time: 2022-04-16 14:21:15, Master selected using: You can configure the IP address and other settings for this interface using the config system interface command. Technical Tip: Changing HA role in cluster. Increase the weight to increase the number of connections processed by the FortiGate with that priority. Setting route-wait to a longer time reduces the frequency of additional updates are and prevents flooding of routing table updates from occurring. If the primary unit fails all sessions are interrupted and must be restarted when the new primary unit is operating. You can add a time to prevent negotiation during transitions and configuration changes. # config system ha. 12-09-2021 Load balancing TCP sessions increases overhead and may actually reduce performance so it is disabled by default. 4. show wanopt storage, 1.diag debug config-error-log read The result could be that until you fix the network problem that blocks connections to the remote IP addresses, the cluster will experience repeated failovers. 169.254.0.2assigned to second highest number diag debug app hasync 255 In Active/Passive, Primary Firewall performs below tasks: Virtual IP addresses are assigned to heartbeat Interfaces based on the serial number of FortiGate Firewall, 169.254.0.1assigned to highest serial number The cluster must have some way of informing attached network devices that a failover has occurred. This process can take some time and may reduce the capacity of the cluster for a short time. The time to live controls how long routes remain active in a cluster unit routing table after the cluster unit becomes a primary unit. DHCP and PPPoE interfaces are supported Active device synchronises its configuration . alertemail. When mode is standalone, this option applies to FGSP only. The hello state hold-down time is the number of seconds that a cluster unit waits before changing from hello state to work state. priority (including the secondary-vcluster priority) ha . vcluster 1: work 169.254.0.2 config antivirus quarantine. To maintain communication sessions after a cluster unit becomes a primary unit, routes remain active in the routing table for the route time to live while the new primary unit acquires new routes. Dynamic weighted load balancing by the number of HTTP proxy sessions processed by a cluster unit. Setting the failover threshold to 0 (the default) means that if any ping server added to the HA remote IP monitoring configuration fails an HA failover will occur. The smaller the number, the higher the priority. The HA cluster password, must be the same for all cluster units. The route-wait range is 0 to 3600 seconds. 1) Use the following command from CLI: # config system ha. HA heartbeat packets consume more bandwidth if the heartbeat interval is short. Max 32 characters. But it also means that the original primary unit will remain the subordinate unit and will not resume operating as the primary unit. During failover testing where cluster units are failed over repeatedly the age difference between the cluster units will most likely be less than 5 minutes. If the problem is detected in the Primary FortiGate, the secondary device takes over the primary role. Normally, because the is 0 seconds. You can monitor up to 64 interfaces. For FTP, the expectation sessions transmit files being uploaded or downloaded. More numerical value higher the priority. Enable or disable synchronizing sessions only if they remain active for more than 30 seconds. 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